Cours de Techniques de Communication et d’Expression en Anglais L2 PDF

 Techniques de Communication et d’Expression en Anglais

One major aspect of scientific research is reporting new found results in scientific journals through scientific articles or papers. To make the communication efficient and effective, the articles must be presented coherently and logically. This can be realized through the use of the format/structure known as IMRAD (Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion). Summarizing is an important writing technique for students, it helps them read and write more accurately by learning how to distinguish between the main ideas and the supporting ideas. Writing summaries based on scientific articles/papers requires a high level of thinking and analyzing skills. The goal of summary is not to offer an evaluation or opinion of the original article, but, rather, to report the writer’s main ideas and findings. This means that you will need to indicate to your reader the writer’s main point or points or purpose for writing. You will also need to point out how the writer develops or supports his or her main point. Since one of the goals of summary is to present a far more concise version than the original, it is not usual to include direct quotes from the original or even to include very many specific, concrete details from the original, though you may need to include one or two brief examples that illustrate the writer’s main point or points. Think of a summary as the child of the original document: fully formed and able to make sense and stand on its own, a new text, not exactly the same as its original, but bearing the features of its parental origins, so much so that anyone who sees the summary might be heard to remark, “Oh, you have your parents’ main features; you even sound like your parents, but you are much shorter!”

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